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- On the
Expressive
Power of
Programming
Languages: Vol. 432
(1990), pp.
134-151.The
literature on
programming
languages
contains an
abundance of
informal
claims on the
relative
expressive
power of
programming
languages, but
there is no
framework for
formalizing
such
statements nor
for deriving
interesting
consequences.
As a first
step in this
direction, we
develop a
formal notion
of
expressiveness
and
investigate
its
properties. To
validate the
theory, we
analyze some
widely held
beliefs about
the expressive
power of
several
extensions of
functional
languages.
Based on...
Source: Vol. 432 (1990), pp. 134-151. - Borders in a
Changing
Europe:
Dynamics of
Openness and
Closure: Comparative
European
Politics, Vol.
4, No. 2-3.
(July 2006),
pp. 183-202.
Source: Comparative European Politics, Vol. 4, No. 2-3. (July 2006), pp. 183-202. - Free Riders
and Zealots:
The Role of
Social
Networks: Sociological
Theory, Vol.
6, No. 1.
(1988), pp.
52-57.
Source: Sociological Theory, Vol. 6, No. 1. (1988), pp. 52-57. - Portable
Implementation
of
Continuation
Operators in
Imperative
Languages by
Exception
Handling: Lecture Notes
in Computer
Science, Vol.
2022
(2001)This
paper
describes a
scheme of
manipulating
(partial)
continuations
in imperative
languages such
as Java and
C++ in a
portable
manner, where
the
portability
means that
this scheme
does not
depend on
structure of
the native
stack frame
nor
implementation
of virtual
machines and
runtime
systems.
Exception
handling plays
a significant
role in this
scheme to
reduce
overheads. The
scheme is
based on
program
transformation
, but in
contrast to
CPS
transformation
, our scheme
preserves the
call graph...
Source: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2022 (2001) - Notch-size
effects in
fatigue based
on surface
strain
redistribution
and crack
closure: International
Journal of
Fatigue, Vol.
14, No. 1.
(January
1992), pp.
57-62.A
fracture
mechanics
solution for
the stress
range at the
fatigue limit
and the depth
of
non-propagatin
g cracks in
smooth and
notched
specimens is
presented. The
solution is
based on the
non-uniformity
of strains at
the surface of
a specimen and
on the
development of
crack closure.
Surface grains
oriented for
easy slip
experience an
inherent
microstructura
lly dependent
strain
concentration,
which decays
with depth
into the
material at a
rate that is
inversely
proportional
to the grain
size.For
cracks in
smooth
specimens the
threshold
stress range
is separated
into a crack
opening stress
component and
an intrinsic
stress
component. The
latter is the
stress range
that is just
sufficient to
grow a fully
open crack and
it is
estimated by
considering
the
near-surface
strain
concentration
for a variety
of crack
depths. The
crack opening
stress range
is added to
the intrinsic
component to
obtain the
nominal
threshold
stress range
as a function
of crack
depth. The
maximum
threshold
stress range
defines the
fatigue limit
of the
specimen.For
notched
specimens a
geometrical
strain
concentration
is considered
in addition to
the inherent
strain
concentration.
The predicted
fatigue limits
agree well
with the
observed
values for a
variety of
notch sizes
and stress
ratios in the
aluminium
alloy
2024-T351. The
proposed
solution also
offers a
prediction for
the depth of
non-propagatin
g cracks wa
both smooth
and notched
specimens. In
the latter,
the depth of
non-propagatin
g cracks was
found to be
dependent on
the notch
radius and the
stress level.
The
predictions of
non-propagatin
g crack depths
agree with the
experimental
data for the
aluminium
alloy BSL65.
Source: International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 14, No. 1. (January 1992), pp. 57-62. - Monads for
Natural
Language
Semantics: Accounts of
semantic
phenomena
often involve
extending
types of
meanings and
revising
composition
rules at the
same time. The
concept of
monads allows
many such
accounts---for
intensionality
, variable
binding,
quantification
and focus---to
be stated
uniformly and
compositionall
y.
- A Theory of
Concepts and
Their
Combinations
I: The
Structure of
the Sets of
Contexts and
Properties: (26 Feb
2004)We
propose a
theory for
modeling
concepts that
uses the
state-context-
property
theory (SCOP),
a
generalization
of the quantum
formalism,
whose basic
notions are
states,
contexts and
properties.
This theory
enables us to
incorporate
context into
the
mathematical
structure used
to describe a
concept, and
thereby model
how context
influences the
typicality of
a single
exemplar and
the
applicability
of a single
property of a
concept. We
introduce the
notion `state
of a concept'
to account for
this
contextual
influence, and
show that the
structure of
the set of
contexts and
of the set of
properties of
a concept is a
complete
orthocomplemen
ted lattice.
The structural
study in this
article is a
preparation
for a
numerical
mathematical
theory of
concepts in
the Hilbert
space of
quantum
mechanics that
allows the
description of
the
combination of
concepts (see
quant-ph/04022
05)
Source: (26 Feb 2004) - State Property
Systems and
Closure
Spaces:
Extracting the
Classical and
Nonclassical
Parts: (12 Apr
2004)We
introduce
classical
properties
using the
concept of
super
selection
rule, i.e. two
properties are
separated by a
superselection
rule iff there
do not exist
'superposition
states'
related to
these two
properties.
Then we show
that the
classical
properties of
a state
property
system
correspond
exactly to the
clopen subsets
of the
corresponding
closure space.
Thus connected
closure spaces
correspond
precisely to
state property
systems for
which the
elements 0 and
I are the only
classical
properties,
the so called
pure
nonclassical
state property
systems. The
main result is
a
decomposition
theorem, which
allows us to
split a state
property
system into a
number of
'pure
nonclassical
state property
systems' and a
'totally
classical
state property
system'. This
decomposition
theorem for a
state property
system is the
translation of
a
decomposition
theorem for
the
corresponding
closure space
into its
connected
components.
Source: (12 Apr 2004) - Closure
Operators and
Lattice
Extensions: Order, Vol.
21, No. 1.
(February
2004), 43.
Source: Order, Vol. 21, No. 1. (February 2004), 43. - Groups as
Epistemic
Providers:
Need for
Closure and
the Unfolding
of
Group-Centrism: Psychological
Review, Vol.
113, No. 1.
(January
2006), pp.
84-100.Theory
and research
are presented
relating the
need for
cognitive
closure to
major facets
of group
behavior. It
is suggested
that a high
need for
closure,
whether it is
based on
members'
disposition or
the situation,
contributes to
the emergence
of a
behavioral
syndrome
describable as
group-centrism
--a pattern
that includes
pressures to
opinion
uniformity,
encouragement
of autocratic
leadership,
in-group
favoritism,
rejection of
deviates,
resistance to
change,
conservatism,
and the
perpetuation
of group
norms. These
theoretical
predictions
are borne out
by laboratory
and field
research in
diverse
settings.
Source: Psychological Review, Vol. 113, No. 1. (January 2006), pp. 84-100.
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